Urdu and Hindi are considered different languages which enjoy completely different scriptures and sociolinguistic sense. However, these two languages are not even distinct dialects, but these are different literary styles of one dialect. This is called the “dehalvi” dialect, which encompasses verbal styles of both Hindi and Urdu.
At idiomatic and conversational level, these are identical in nature and a speaker often cannot be identified whether speaking Hindi or Urdu. These languages have very small differences in vocabulary, plus the pronunciation. Grammar of these two languages is indistinguishable and both the languages enjoy Persian and Sanskrit influences to a great level.
The ambiguity in this colloquial language has often been classified “Hindustani”, which is strongly used by media, in Bollywood films to target masses at universal level. The formal and academic versions, on the other hand side, differ a lot because Urdu enjoys the base of Persian and Arabic, while Hindi has the base of Sanskrit. This difference goes up to the level where both of these languages become mutually incomprehensible.
The scripts of both the languages have been following a general convention, of Urdu being written in Persio- Arabic style while Hindi is written in Devanagari style. Often the nationalists of the languages classify both the languages in different pools stating that these languages have nothing in common and they have always been separate languages.
Researchers have always been confronted with an issue of distinguishing between the speakers of the two languages Hindi and Urdu, in India and Pakistan. It has always been problematic to estimate number of speakers for whom Hindi is first language and for whom Urdu is first. Therefore, the estimate number of people is vague and contentious.
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